“Unidad Popular” in Chile and the Theory of Dual Power in the Works of Rene Zavaleta Mercado
The Popular unity in Chile (1970-1973) with its radical social program after the victory in the elections of 1970 faced the problem of power, its completeness, effectiveness of implementation and preservation of leadership functions. This problem was acute for the forces that were part of the ruling coalition and that supported it from the outside. Having almost no historical experience on which to base their reflections on the complex question of a single, consolidated power and state institutions, Chilean left-wing intellectuals inevitably turned to the legacy of the classics, to the experience of the Russian revolution, which suggested as obvious parallels the problems of dual power in the revolution, critical balance and the actions of the parties to overcome it in their favor. 50th anniversary of the dramatic military coup that put an end to the historical experiment of the popular government of Salvador Allende and the "Chilean path to socialism" We offer an analysis of the works and ideas of the outstanding Bolivian intellectual René Zavaleta Mercado (1935-1984), who was a contemporary and witness of those events, and who left interesting works on this topic, where the main outline of his theoretical-political work was aspects related to the category of dual power, addressed to the analysis of the experience of National Unity as part of the Latin American revolutionary experience of the twentieth century.
References
Шишков А.С. Революция 1952 г., рабочий класс и особенности истории Боливии в творчестве Рене Савалеты Меркадо // Латиноамериканской исторический альманах. № 13. 2013. С.297-303.
Achá A. Cartografía y perspectivas del “marxismo latinoamericano” // A Contracorriente. Vol.7, No.2. 2010.
Centro de Estudios de la Realidad Nacional, CEREN, Programa docente segundo semestre 1973.
Gil M. Zavaleta Mercado. Ensayo de biografía intelectual // René Zavaleta Mercado. Ensayos, testimonios y re-visiones. / Aguiluz Ibarguen M., Ríos Méndez N. coord. Buenos Aires: Miño y Dávila, 2006. P. 99.
Lazarte J. Presentación // Zavaleta R. Clases sociales y conocimiento. La Paz: Los Amigos del Libro, 1988. Р. 9.
Pino M. Redes Intelectuales. Nuevas posibilidades de estudio para las literaturas del Cono Sur (1970-1990): el caso de Carlos Martínez Moreno // Revista de Literatura y Lingüística, Universidad Católica Silva Henríquez, Santiago de Chile, 2000, No. 12, pp. 133-143.
Ramos S. Chile ¿Una economía en transición? Santiago: Centro de Estudios Socio-económicos de la Universidad de Chile, 1972.
Tapia L. Prólogo // Zavaleta Mercado R. La autodeterminación de las masas. México,: Siglo XXI, 2015. P. 21.
Zavaleta Mercado R. El Poder Dual, Los Amigos del Libro, Cochabamba, 1987
Zavaleta Mercado R. El Poder Dual. Contribución a un debate latinoamericano, Centro de Estudios de la Realidad Nacional, CEREN, Santiago, 1973
Zavaleta Mercado R. La formación de la conciencia nacional, Amigos del Libro, Cochabamba, 1990.
Zavaleta Mercado R. Lo nacional-popular en Bolivia, Siglo XXI, México, 1986
Zavaleta R. El Poder Dual en América Latina. Estudio de los casos de Bolivia y Chile, con un prefacio sobre los acontecimientos chilenos, Siglo XXI, Colección mínima Nº 65, México, 1974.