Latin-American Historical Almanac
Русский English Español
Issue #35 in 2022 year, 276-293

Oases in the desert? Intellectual journals of the early years of Francoism

Download
E. Grantseva

Many researchers, considering the situation that developed in the scientific and cultural life of Spain in the first post-war years, characterize it as a time of split and break in the intellectual tradition. Indeed, Spain split into winners and losers, a significant part of the intelligentsia left the country. The desire for an ideological monolith, censorship, control and repression were integral signs of the post-war period, but despite severe ideological pressure and official campaigns to uniformize culture, the components of the country's intellectual life retained some diversity, which is demonstrated by the very existence and content of Francoist intellectual journals. Of course, a significant part of the Francoist journals that touch on issues of ideology, culture, science and creativity can be called "conditionally intellectual." They, first of all, carried out a propaganda function, reflected and broadcast the dogmas of the Francoist ideology. However, some of them have become real "cultural oases", the first platforms for the exchange of views of intellectuals and a means of returning and rehabilitating the heritage of pre-war Spanish thought in the post-war intellectual environment.

Keywords:
Spain, Francoism, culture, Falange and JONS, intellectual journals, reconciliation
References

Зверева Е.А., Гордеева М.М. Современные интеллектуальные журналы как явление культуры и цивилизации // Вестник НГУ. Серия: История, филология. 2019. Т. 18, № 6: Журналистика. С. 115–128. Zvereva E.A., Gordeyeva M.M. Sovremennyye intellektual'nyye zhurnaly kak yavleniye kul'tury i tsivilizatsii // Vestnik NGU. Seriya: Istoriya, filologiya. 2019. T. 18, № 6: Zhurnalistika. S. 115–128. [Modern intellectual journals as a phenomenon of culture and civilization].

Пономарева Л.В. Испанский католицизм ХХ века. М.: Наука, 1989. Ponomareva L.V. Ispanskiy katolitsizm XX veka. M.: Nauka, 1989. [Spanish Catholicism of the 20th century].

Филатов Г.А. Франсиско Франко и формирование идеологии правых на примере журнала Acción Española // Латиноамериканский исторический альманах, 2021, №32. С. 260–277. Filatov G.A. Fransisko Franko i formirovaniye ideologii pravykh na primere zhurnala Acción Española // Latinoamerikanskiy istoricheskiy al'manakh, 2021, №32. S. 260-277. [Francisco Franco and the formation of the ideology of the right on the example of the magazine Acción Española].

Abellán J.L. La cultura en España (Ensayo para un diagnóstico). Madrid, 1971.

Díaz E. Notas para una historia del pensamiento español actual. Madrid, 1974.

Díaz Hernández O. Las revistas culturales en la España de la posguerra (1939-1951): Una aproximación // Cuadernos del Instituto Antonio de Nebrija (Universidad de Navarra). 2007. №10. P. 201-224.

Duplá Ansuategui A. La revista falangista Jerarqvia y el modelo imperial romano // Vasconia. 2012. №38. P. 813-837.

Gracia J. Estado y cultura. El despertar de una conciencia crítica bajo el franquismo, 1940-1962. Barcelona: Anagrama, 2006.

Gracia J., Ruiz Carnicer M.A. La España de Franco (1939-1975). Cultura y vida cotidiana. Madrid: Síntesis, 2004. 

López Baroni M.J. El falangismo liberal y la transición española // Revista internacional de pensamiento político. 2012. Vol. 7. P. 467-490.

Mainer J.C. Historia literaria de una vocación política. (1930-1950) // Falange y Literatura. Barcelona, 1971. 

Morente F. La historia de los intelectuales durante el franquismo: un ensayo bibliográfico // Bulletin d’Histoire Contemporaine de l’Espagne. 2016. №50. P. 163-194.

Pérez-Embid F. Breve historia de la revista Arbor // Arbor: Ciencia, pensamiento y cultura. 2003. Nº 687-688. P. 305-316.

Ridruejo D. La vida intelectual española en el primer decenio de la postguerra // Triunfo. №507 Extra. 17 de junio. 1972. 

Suñer E. Los intelectuales y la tragedia española. Burgos: Editorial Española, 1937. 

Una poderosa fuerza secreta. La Institución Libre de Enseñanza. San Sebastián: Editorial Española, 1940.